It is common for diabetes to be classified as an endocrinological pathology with a severe clinical picture. In this case, the initial stages of the disease are often asymptomatic or characterized by polymorphism of manifestations. However, there are some signs of pathology that you can learn from the material below.
Signs of diabetes in women
Throughout his life, the body of the weaker sex undergoes many hormonal changes. These changes often lead to the development of type 2 diabetes. It should also be borne in mind that women are more likely to "quell" psychological problems with large amounts of junk food. This behavior also negatively affects the course of metabolic processes.
As for type 1 diabetes, it develops in young girls under 25 and does not depend on hormonal status. At the same time, women at risk are at risk, who are often diagnosed with symptoms of the gestational form of the disease, which is transient. Common symptoms of diabetes in women include:
- slow wound healing;
- drowsiness;
- hair loss;
- itching of various localizations;
- constant thirst;
- weight loss without diets;
- increased appetite;
- frequent profuse urination.
Symptoms of diabetes in men
The stronger sex for the most part prefers to ignore the body's alarm signals for problems. Against the background of abdominal obesity in men, relative insufficiency in the production of the glucose transporter hormone is often observed. Unlike epinephrine, insulin is not able to effectively break down accumulated deposits. Due to the active activity of the stress hormone, a large amount of fatty acids rush to the liver, preventing normal tissue nutrition due to glucose. In general, the symptoms of diabetes in men are identical to those in women.
How does diabetes manifest itself in children?
High blood glucose levels in a child may be due to obesity or genetic predisposition. However, the infectious nature of this phenomenon is often debated in the scientific community. Such views may be supplemented by the statements of some experts who consider diabetes mellitus (especially adolescent diabetes) as a complication after vaccination. As a result, adults should respond appropriately if the child develops the following symptoms after vaccination:
- constant thirst;
- bed wetting;
- vomiting;
- weight loss on the background of increased appetite;
- personal skin infections;
- reduction of motor and mental activity.
First signs
It is not easy to recognize the disease at an early stage of development due to the polymorphism of its symptoms. As a rule, the body's signals are confused with overexertion and fatigue. The clinical picture of the secondary form of pathology may be completely absent until the patient falls into a hyperglycemic coma or suffers a heart attack or stroke. The disease of the first type, for the most part, manifests itself initially with severe conditions in the form of characteristic acute attacks. However, it is important to note that the first symptoms of diabetes may include:
- The patient cannot lift his big toe off the floor.
- When the palms touch, only the fingertips are in the area of direct contact.
- There is nocturnal enuresis (if a child).
- He has dental problems.
- There is a sharp deterioration of vision.
Symptoms of latent diabetes
In most cases, the disease develops unnoticed by humans. The manifestation of a latent process occurs against the background of stress, infectious and autoimmune lesions of the body. At the same time, latent diabetes is considered more dangerous than overt diabetes. Experts note that the latent form of the disease often diagnoses the negative consequences of pancreatic dysfunction, among which a special place is occupied by the so-called diabetic foot syndrome. In this regard, it would be appropriate to indicate the main symptoms of latent diabetes:
- feeling dry in the mouth;
- headache;
- detection of acetone in urine analysis;
- increased fatigue.
How to distinguish the type of diabetes
It is known that high blood sugar levels occur as a result of disorders of carbohydrate metabolism. Emphasizing all the symptoms of diabetes in men, women or children, it is important to mention that each form of pathology differs in the degree of damage to special cells (islets of Langerhans) located in the body of the pancreas and synthesizing much-needed insulin for the body. With the complete defeat of these formations, the production of biologically active substances necessary for the transport of glucose becomes impossible.
The second type of diabetes is characterized by the preservation of the functional activity of the islets of Langerhans, but the insulin produced in this case is unable to deliver glucose to tissues and organs due to the high concentration of fatty acids in the human body. . Patients with this type of pathology with an active lifestyle and a special diet often do without parenteral administration of the hormone.
Symptoms of type 1
As noted earlier, the development of absolute insufficiency of insulin production begins with an acute reaction of the body to the rise in blood sugar. It also happens that a person is aware that there is a high risk of developing such problems. In this situation, the patient undergoes preventive examinations to detect the disease in time. In this approach, the process rarely escalates. Meanwhile, people with type 1 diabetes often develop hypoglycaemia due to an incorrect dose of insulin. In addition, in the primary form of pathology is noted:
- strong thirst;
- the smell of acetone in the mouth;
- consumption of a large amount of a wide variety of foods;
- polyuria;
- slow healing of the wound surface;
- diabetic ketoacidosis;
- skin problems in the form of frequent fungal infections and boils.
How does type 2 manifest itself?
The relative insufficiency of insulin production has a smoother clinical picture. The patient's blood sugar level may remain within normal limits for a long time. Test results, as a rule, change for the worse when diabetes becomes acute. So far, patients do not pay attention to sudden weight loss and reduced physical activity. In addition to the above symptoms, the following changes in body function can be observed in type 2 diabetes:
- rapid fatigue;
- drowsiness;
- osteoporosis;
- tired appearance;
- renal pathology, often leading to diabetic nephropathy;
- non-healing wounds on the skin;
- itching;
- sudden hair loss;
- disorientation;
- tingling and numbness of the limbs.